Everything about William Archer Critic totally explained
» For other people with the same name, see William Archer.William Archer (
September 23,
1856 -
December 27,
1924),
Scottish critic, was born in
Perth, and was educated at the
University of Edinburgh, where he received the degree of
M.A. in 1876. He was the son of
Thomas Archer (pastoralist).
He became a leader-writer on the
Edinburgh Evening News in
1875, and after a year in
Australia returned to
Edinburgh. In
1879 he became dramatic critic of the
London Figaro, and in
1884 of the
World, where he remained until 1905. In
London he soon took a prominent literary place.
Archer had much to do with introducing
Ibsen to the English public by his translation
The Pillars of Society, produced at the
Gaiety Theatre, London, 1880. He also translated, alone or in collaboration, other productions of the Scandinavian stage: Ibsen's
A Doll's House (1889),
The Master Builder (1893);
Edvard Brandes's
A Visit (1892); Ibsen's
Peer Gynt (1892);
Little Eyolf (1895); and
John Gabriel Borkman (1897); and he edited Henrik Ibsen's
Prose Dramas vols., 1890-1891).
He was a friend of the
George Bernard Shaw, and arranged for his plays to be translated into German. An attempted collaboration on a play,
Widower's Houses, didn't work, and Archer was often critical of Shaw's drama. For a time, Archer lived at 27
Fitzroy Square in central London, while Shaw lived at number 29.
During
World War I, Archer wrote a series of open letters on behalf of Wellington House, arguing
Germany's culpability in starting the conflict. He viewed the Allies (including England) as innocent bystanders, forced into defending the world against German militancy.
His play,
The Green Goddess, was produced by
Winthrop Ames at the
Booth Theatre in
New York. It was a melodrama, and a popular success, although relatively of much less importance to the art of the drama than his critical work.
Among his critical works are:
- English Dramatists of To-day (1882)
- Henry Irving, a study (1883)
- About the Theatre (1886)
- Study in the Psychology of Acting (1886)
- Masks or Faces? (1888)
- W. C. Macready, a biography (1890)
- "The Theatrical World" (1893) (5 volumes)
- America To-day, Observations and Reflections
- Poets the Younger Generation (1901)
- Real Conversations (1904)
- A National Theatre: Scheme and Estimates, with H. Granville Barker, 1907)
- Through Afro-America (1910)
- The Life, Trial, and Death of Francisco Ferrer (1911)
- Play-Making (1912)
- The Old Drama and the New (1923)
Plays:
- War is War (1919)
- The Green Goddess (1921)
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